Garlic is a rewarding crop, but timing the harvest correctly is crucial to ensure good storage quality and prevent spoilage. Here’s a guide to help you determine when to dig your garlic and how to store it properly.

Signs That Garlic is Ready to Harvest

  1. Dried Leaves:
  • Look for: Two pairs of the lower leaves turning yellow and drying out.
  • Why It Matters: This indicates that the garlic bulbs are nearing maturity.
  1. Garlic Scapes:
  • Look for: The flower stalks (if present) straightening and the flower heads beginning to open.
  • Why It Matters: This is a sign that the garlic is reaching its peak maturity.
  1. Neck Condition:
  • Look for: In garlic without scapes, the neck of the plant should turn yellow, becoming thin and soft.
  • Why It Matters: This change in the neck’s condition suggests that the garlic is ready to be harvested.
  1. Bulb Firmness and Color:
  • Look for: Garlic bulbs should be firm to the touch with a dark purple color.
  • Why It Matters: A firm bulb indicates that it has reached full maturity and is less likely to spoil.

How to Dig Garlic

  • Timing: Garlic generally matures 100 days after planting, which usually falls between July 20 and August 1, depending on your region and growing conditions.
  • Technique: Use a garden fork or shovel to carefully lift the garlic bulbs from the soil. Avoid pulling them by hand to prevent damage.

Proper Storage of Garlic

  1. Drying:
  • Post-Harvest: Lay the harvested garlic out in a shaded, well-ventilated area to dry for a few hours to several days, depending on weather conditions. Ensure the garlic is completely dry before storing.
  1. Cleaning:
  • Preparation: Brush off excess soil gently but avoid washing the bulbs, as moisture can lead to rot.
  1. Curing:
  • Method: Cure garlic by tying the bulbs in bundles and hanging them in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated space. Allow them to cure for 2-3 weeks.
  1. Storage:
  • Environment: Store cured garlic in a cool, dry place with good air circulation. Use mesh bags, baskets, or containers that allow airflow.
  • Duration: Properly cured and stored garlic can last several months, even up to a year.

By observing these signs and following proper harvesting and storage techniques, you can ensure that your garlic remains fresh and flavorful throughout its storage life.

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